Health and Nutrition Letter

The Four Phases of Atkins
Each of the followin 1,800-calorie menus represents a day in each of the four phases of the Atkins diet.

December 2003

Induction Diet

The 2-week Induction Diet people are supposed to follow at the start must contain no more than 20 grams of carbohydrate a day. Eat a banana, and you’re out of bounds. A cup of milk, a slice of bread, an orange, or a baked potato are verboten, too. “If the food is not on your diet,” the book says, “you are to have absolutely none of it. Your ‘just this one taste won’t hurt’ rationalization is the kiss of death.…”

The sample Induction menu here, composed from Dr. Atkins’s instructions, contains only 16 percent of the Daily Value for fiber and less than two thirds of the Daily Value for the following nutrients: thiamin, vitamins C, D, and E, iron, magnesium, and potassium. It does contain almost three times the saturated fat someone should eat in a day (52 grams!) and more than three times the cholesterol.

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Ongoing Weight Loss (OWL)

This is the basic reduction diet. Up to 60 grams of carbohydrates are allowed daily, but a limit of 35 to 40 grams is recommended for most people.

The Ongoing Weight Loss menu here contains 40 grams of carbohydrate, along with 285 percent of the Daily Value for saturated fat and 217 percent of the recommended limit for dietary cholesterol. It also contains less than two thirds of the Daily Value for fiber, thiamin, folate, iodine, magnesium, potassium, and zinc. Dr. Atkins says that “your rate of weight loss is generally proportional to your exclusion of carbohydrates,” with some people having to limit themselves to only 15 grams of carbs a day to continue to lose weight in a consistent fashion.

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Pre-Maintenance

This phase of the diet is supposed to last about 2 to 3 months, with weight loss of less than a pound a week. It’s meant as a transition from Ongoing Weight Loss to Maintenance, to be followed when you have only 5 to 10 pounds left to lose. It allows for one “deviation” from the prescribed menu up to two times a week. The deviation included here is a half cup of wild rice. Dr. Atkins points out that “you’ll want to eat a bit more” at this point and adds, at the end of the pre-Maintenance chapter, that “there will be times in your life when you gain some weight back.”

The serious dietary shortfalls on this menu are for fiber, thiamin, vitamin E, calcium, iron, magnesium, potassium, and zinc. Once again, saturated fat and dietary cholesterol are way over recommended amounts.

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Maintenance

Once you reach goal weight, you’re allowed up to 90 grams of carbohydrate a day, although “a typical person” may find he “must stay between 40 and 60 grams” daily in order not to regain any weight. The menu here, which is very high in saturated fat and dietary cholesterol, contains 84 carbohydrate grams. It is not extremely low in vitamins or minerals but probably would become so if the carb count went down to 60 grams. Note that Maintenance is not exactly forever. Dr. Atkins tells readers to expect their weight to shift upwards sometimes and that when it rises by 5 pounds, a temporary return to the Induction phase is crucial for taking off what you’ve regained. In other words, you’re always only a few pounds away from having to return to a 20-carbohydrate-gram limit.

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2 snacks

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